CHINA: RSF urges China to stop censoring information about coronavirus epidemic

RSF: Reporters Without Borders (RSF) calls on the Chinese government to stop obstructing journalists covering the coronavirus epidemic and points out that only complete transparency will help to avoid the spread of rumours that exacerbate the crisis.

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CHINA & US: Wall Street Journal reporters protest ‘sick man’ headline in Wall Street Journal

Washington Post: The Wall Street Journal’s China staff is urging the newspaper to apologize for a headline that prompted the Chinese government to expel three of its journalists last week. The email from the Journal’s China bureau to the top officers of the paper’s parent companies, in effect, sides with the Chinese, who have demanded an apology and retaliated with the expulsions last week.

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HONG KONG: Protesters blast police for ‘attack’ on RTHK

RTHK: Members of the Labour Party and the League of Social Democrats staged a protest outside the police’s headquarters in Wan Chai on Thursday, accusing Police Commissioner Chris Tang of launching an attack on public broadcaster RTHK and interfering with press freedom.

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INDIA: India’s media is failing in its democratic duty (Opinion)

Al Jazeera: India ranks so badly for press freedom because much of the media has simply stopped doing its job.

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JAPAN: Discussion on NHK reception fees, new subcommittee established (Japanese – Paywall)

Asahi Shimbun: The Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications announced on Tuesday that it will establish a new sub-committee to consider “how public broadcasting should be.” Experts will discuss NHK’s future management reforms and the appropriate level of reception fees. Given the increasing viewing of TV programs on PCs and smartphones, it is expected that consideration will also be given to the burden of receiving fees on people without TVs and households.

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JAPAN: NHK Internet distribution is “like YouTube” I tried using it (Japanese – Paywall)

Asahi Shimbun: NHK unveiled the function of the “NHK Plus” Internet simultaneous distribution service for television programs scheduled to start in March to the press on March 20. Even if the program has begun, it has a “chase-and-play” function that can be watched from the beginning.

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MALAYSIA: Stern action against those involved in spreading fake news – Mohamed Hanipa

Malaysiakini: The government will take stern action against individuals involved in spreading fake news that could disrupt national security and racial harmony by prosecuting them in court, said Deputy Minister in the Prime Minister’s Department Mohamed Hanipa Maidin.

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MALDIVES: Voice of Maldives reactivates Nautel DRM-ready transmitter

Asia Radio Today: Kintronics Labs has reactivated a 25kW DRM-ready Nautel transmitter on 1449 kHz for the Maldives state media provider Public Service Media (PSM).  

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PAKISTAN: Lawyers to stand by journalists in fight for free media: Kurd

Dawn: The lawyers’ fraternity will stand by journalists in their struggle for a free media in the country, veteran lawyer Ali Ahmed Kurd said on Friday.

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PAKISTAN: Promises made for urgent government action for media pay crisis

IFJ: The International Federation of Journalists (IFJ) and its Pakistan affiliate Pakistan Federal Union of Journalists (PFUJ) call for urgent government action to force Pakistan’s media companies to pay up to 11 months’ worth of unpaid salaries to journalists. This amids a crisis which has led to several media workers dying from stress or committing suicide.

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PHILIPPINES: Rappler co-founder questions ‘guns blazing’ legal attack on top network 

Pacific Media Centre: ‘The Philippines top state lawyer has filed a lawsuit against the country’s key television broadcaster with “guns blazing” but he ought to be devoting more effort on governance, says Rapplerco-founder and managing editor Glenda M. Gloria.

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PHILIPPINES: The media is important for a vibrant democracy (Opinion)

Rappler: ‘By threatening to shut down the Philippine Daily Inquirer, Rappler, and ABS-CBN, Duterte is trying to discourage any discussions that do not fall in line with his views’

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PHILIPPINES: University with biggest journalism school backs ABS-CBN amid threats 

Pacific Media Centre: The University of Santo Tomas in the Philippines, which has the biggest and oldest journalism school, has released a statement supporting television broadcaster ABS-CBN, adding its voice to the growing clamour against a petition filed by the Office of the Solicitor-General to shut down the country’s largest media network.

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SOUTH KOREA: Breaking news and barriers: South Korea’s first female anchor

France 24: Under gleamingly bright studio lights, Lee So-jeong reads straight from a teleprompter, rehearsing her lines ahead of the primetime newscast for South Korea’s national public broadcaster, KBS.

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THAILAND: Government proposes to monopolise crisis news coverage

IFJ: Thailand’s government announced plans on February 17 to reform media coverage to allow only one single state-run media outlet to cover so-called national crises. The International Federation of Journalists (IFJ) condemns the proposal by the Prayut Chan-o-cha administration as a severe violation of Thailand’s press freedom.

AUSTRALIA: ABC to seek urgent injunction against AFP to halt use of documents

Sydney Morning Herald: The ABC will seek an urgent injunction to prevent the Australian Federal Police using documents seized during a raid on its Sydney headquarters, as it considers whether to lodge an appeal against a court decision that found the warrant authorising the raid was lawful.

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AUSTRALIA: Another threat to whistleblower protection in Australia

RSF: An Australian federal court decision upholding the legality of last June’s police raid on the Sydney headquarters of the national public broadcaster ABC has dealt a major blow to the protection of journalists’ sources and poses a grave danger for the future of public interest journalism, Reporters Without Borders (RSF) says.

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FIJI: UN commends Fiji for certain things however recommendations have been made to repeal some laws and policies

Fiji Village: Fiji has been commended for certain things by members of the UN Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review for Fiji however they have also recommended Fiji to repeal laws and policies that they say unlawfully restrict fundamental rights of freedom of expression, assembly and association.

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NEW ZEALAND: Jones vs Maihi case prompts calls for defamation law reform

RNZ: Is defamation law an essential protection for reputations — or handy tool for men and women of means to curb their critics? Hayden Donnell talks to a lawyer pushing for reform to allow us to express opinions without fear of prosecution. 

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NEW ZEALAND: NZME posts $165m loss

RNZ: NZME media group has slumped to a large loss after writing down the value of its business as it pursues a merger with its rival Stuff. The company’s loss for the year ended December was $165 million, which included a write down of $175m in the value of the business, compared to a profit of $11.6m the year before.

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NEW ZEALAND: Online attack ‘inexcusable’ – Vision NZ ex-campaign manager

RNZ: Former Vision NZ campaign manager Jevan Goulter has told Checkpoint he is “absolutely” ashamed of himself for posting a personal attack against broadcaster Kanoa Lloyd on social media.

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NEW ZEALAND: Under-pressure Peters turns on media

RNZ: Just before Christmas, Winston Peters was telling reporters our news media were essential for a healthy democracy. Now he’s attacking them on social media for ‘fake news’ in reports about donations to his party – and dodging questions about surveilling the reporters who’ve been investigating it.

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GENERAL: REGION: Reporting on critical environmental issues in the Pacific region – call for proposals (Opportunity)

Pacific Media Centre: Internews’ Earth Journalism Network (EJN) is offering grants to at least 7 journalists based in the Pacific Islands to report on critical issues related to climate change, biodiversity, pollution, and the illegal wildlife trade.

ALBANIA: ‘Postponement’ of Albania’s Media Muzzle Shouldn’t Fool Anyone

Balkan Insight: Champions of free speech in Albania should remain vigilant even after Edi Rama put his draconian media laws on hold – as he may just be waiting for the international community to look the other way.

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BULGARIA: Bulgarian independent media operating in a ‘captured state’

IPI: Bulgaria’s media concentration in the hands of oligarchs with close ties to the government, captured state institutions and, more recently, smear campaigns against critical media form a trifecta of pressure on independent journalism in the country, which joined the European Union in 2007.

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DENMARK: The little citizens get talk time at P1 (Danish)

DR News: A new program at P1 ‘Small Citizen’ gives adults insight into what is currently occupying the generation that will lead Denmark into the next decades.

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GEORGIA: Processes in Adjara Broadcasting Endanger Media Pluralism – Public Defender

Ajara TV: Public Defender responded to the ongoing processes in the Adjara Public Broadcaster with a statement. The document says that the TV company has long been characterized by a free and impartial editorial policy, which has been repeatedly confirmed by reports from local or international authoritative organisations.

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GERMANY: German commission suggests EUR 0.86 per month rise in broadcasting licence fee for 2021-2024 (Paywall)

Telecompaper: The German Commission to Determine the Financial Requirements of Broadcasters (KEF) has suggested in its 22nd report an increase in the mandatory licence fee for financing public broadcasting by EUR 0.86 monthly from the current EUR 17.50 to EUR 18.36. The increase should apply in the period 2021-2024.   

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GERMANY: Recommendation: 18.36 euros (German)

Deutschlandfunk: The radio fee could increase by 86 cents per month next year. In any case, the KEF expert commission recommends this in its latest report. Should this increase be decided by the state parliaments, the broadcasters would still have to save.

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GERMANY: ZDF and CBC / Radio-Canada agree on strategic cooperation (German)

Horizont: ZDF and CBC / Radio-Canada have signed an agreement on their strategic cooperation. The partnership agreement, which was signed at the 70th Berlin International Film Festival, is intended to strengthen the cooperation between the two public broadcasters.

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IRELAND: Parties’ media policies a mixed bag of the ambitious and the stale

The Irish Times: Some promises of licence fee reform have been more explicit than others.

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ITALY: EBU And University Of Pisa To Collaborate On Ai-driven Software Tools

EBU: The European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and the University of Pisa have agreed to collaborate on the development of software systems such as the EuroVOX project, an open platform designed to make content accessible in all European languages.

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ROMANIA: Innovation in Romanian Journalism (Listen)

CMDS@CEU: In the last episode of the Media Influence Matrix: Romania series, Dumitrita Holdis collected three initiatives or efforts that try new ways of doing journalism. From new funding models, forms of association or community involvement, these examples of innovation show courage and temerity.

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SERBIA: Serbia Urged to Come Clean on Journalists’ Surveillance

Balkan Insight: After an embarrassing gaffe by the Defence Minister, Reporters Without Borders has called on the authorities to reveal whether emails between opposition politicians and the media are being monitored.

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SPAIN: TVE dedicates 9 minutes of each newscast to the Government of Sánchez, twice as much as the other chains (Spanish)

COPE: Recently, the president of Vox,  Santiago Abascal , complained on social networks about the  treatment he had received during his interview on 21 hours. Therefore, COPE.es, presents a thorough analysis of the time devoted to information on the  Government on the main television networks of our country compared to the rest of the majority television networks such as Antena 2, La Sexta or Telecinco .

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SWEDEN: New choruses and commentators when Sweden Radio is investing heavily in foreign journalism (Swedish)

Sveriges Radio: Swedish Radio has appointed its first climate correspondent and will have three foreign policy commentators in 2020. Next week Sweden Radio’s new Baltic Sea correspondent will join and during the year the European pod will go on a nationwide tour. These are several of the investments that Swedish Radio now makes to foreign journalism to give listeners even more news and analysis.

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SWEDEN: Swedish cities cut China links after increase in tension

Financial Times: Swedish cities are reviewing and even halting their co-operation with Chinese towns amid a deterioration in relations between the two countries in a fight over free expression, human rights and the fate of a Hong Kong publisher.  

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SWITZERLAND: Digital radio is booming. DAB+ is now the most used radio reception method

Ofcom Switzerland: The trend towards digital radio continues: sixty-eight percent of radio broadcasts in Switzerland are being consumed digitally and FM has dropped to only 32 percent. DAB+ has replaced FM as the most popular broadcasting method. Three out of four Swiss citizens already use digital radio and only just under one in six now uses FM exclusively.

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SWITZERLAND: Swiss regional TV offered more balanced election coverage than public broadcaster – study

Telecompaper: The coverage by regional, private TV stations of the elections is Switzerland in 2019 was more balanced (83%) than that of public broadcaster SRG (68%), according to a study by research and consulting firm Publicom, co-financed by the Swiss Federal Office of Communications (OFCOM), Persoenlich.com reports. 

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UK: BBC faces dozens more pay disputes

Financial Times: The BBC still faces dozens of potentially costly pay disputes from staff members, suggesting the pay crisis that has dogged the public broadcaster for several years is yet to be resolved. 

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UK: BBC: the licence fee is a small price to pay for a service that unites the UK (Opinion) 

The Conversation: Anyone who owns a television set in the UK is obliged, by law, to pay a licence fee which has always enabled the BBC to exist as an independent entity. But a recent Sunday Times article (paywalled) has announced the UK government’s intention to abolish the BBC licence fee. 

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UK: Samira Ahmed reaches settlement with BBC

BBC News: Samira Ahmed has reached a settlement with the BBC after winning her employment tribunal over equal pay.

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UKRAINE: Ukraine’s Crimean Tatar TV Asks EU For Money To Stay Afloat

RFE/RL: Ukraine’s only remaining Crimean Tatar television channel, ATR, has submitted a plea to the European Parliament and European Commission asking the institutions for financial support as it faces imminent closure due to lack of funding.

ARGENTINA: The task of re-ranking public media (Opinion – Spanish)

Pagina 12: The media of the State are, in Argentina as in much of the region, imperfect, so a regular dose of criticism from the press, politics or academy is desirable and necessary.

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BARBADOS: More social media use for disaster education and awareness

Barbados Today: More Barbadians are using social media platforms to remain up to date on matters pertaining to natural disasters and emergency management, according to Director of the Department of Emergency Management (DEM) Kerry Hinds.

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BRAZIL: MP 905 reporter deletes article that ends journalist record (Portuguese)

FENAJ: After three months of intense mobilization with federal deputies, senators, state and municipal parliamentarians, the National Federation of Journalists (FENAJ) and its 31 affiliated Unions conquered, this Wednesday (19/02) ), a victory for the more than 150 thousand professionals spread across the country.

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BRAZIL: Unions denounce misogynist attacks against journalist echoed by parliamentarians in the states after President Bolsonaro speaks (Portuguese) 

FENAJ: After the the President of the Republic, Jair Bolsonaro, uttered a sexist and misogynist attack on journalist Patrícia Campos Mello, of Folha de S.Paulo, Journalists Unions denounced new occurrences in the States.

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BRAZIL & PARAGUAY: ‘There are rumors that the PCC is planning attacks against other journalists,’ says reporter at the Brazil-Paraguay border

Knight Center for Journalism in the Americas: Paraguayan correspondent Cándido Figueredo, who works in the city of Pedro Juan Caballero, on the border with Brazil, says the situation in the region is “very tense” after the murder of Brazilian journalist Lourenço Veras, known as Léo Veras, on Feb. 12.

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BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS: Another bill triggers free-speech alarms

BVI Beacon: In the midst of harsh criticism from free-speech advocates about a cybercrime amendment that took effect last Wednesday, the House of Assembly is now considering another proposed law that has drawn fresh concerns about potential censorship and other threats to press freedom in the Virgin Islands.

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COLOMBIA: Self-Protection Manual for Journalists (Resource – Spanish – 2013) 

FLIP: Journalism in Colombia is a risky activity. Journalists, like human rights defenders, trade unionists, displaced persons, among others, have been sectors traditionally affected by the armed conflict. Therefore, the State has an obligation of special protection over them. Despite this constitutional guarantee, the situation of Colombian journalists remains vulnerable. 

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COLOMBIA: Social media followers of the Mayor of Neiva attacked the newspaper La Nación (Spanish) 

FLIP:  FLIP expresses its concern about the dissemination of messages on social networks against the newspaper La Nación by the mayor’s followers and rejects intimidation through telephone calls that denounces the directives of the media. The attacks came after the newspaper published information related to the health of Gorky Muñoz.

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ECUADOR:  Inter-American Court to hear El Universo’s case against defamation suit filed by former Ecuadorian president

CPJ: In March 2019, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, a regional body of which Ecuador is a member, found that the 2011 criminal defamation verdict against the newspaper in an Ecuadorian court constituted a violation of freedom of expression, and referred it to the body’s court system, which informed the newspaper on February 21 that it would hear the case, according to news reports.

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MEXICO: Announcer Teresa Aracely Alcocer killed in Chihuahua (Spanish) 

IFJ: Last Tuesday afternoon, radio broadcaster Teresa Aracely Alcocer was shot dead in the El Barreal neighborhood, Ciudad Juárez. She worked for the La Poderosa radio station and was 37 years old.

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MEXICO: Media coverage of a high-profile femicide in Mexico City sparked debate concerning how journalists cover murders of women

Knight Center for Journalism in the Americas: Ingrid Escamilla, 25, was brutally murdered in the Mexico City neighborhood of Vallejo on Feb. 9 and her body mutilated. Her remains were published the following day on the covers of newspaper La Prensa and tabloid Pásala, the latter with the headline “La culpa la tuvo Cupido” (It was Cupid’s fault). Demonstrations took hold, especially in the capital city, with women demanding greater protection for themselves and calling out media coverage of Escamilla’s murder. 

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REGIONAL: GABO Foundation opens call for scholarships for journalists (Callout – Spanish)

APES: The Gabo Foundation and the Open Society Foundation invite journalists in  El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua to participate in the Solutions Journalism Scholarship Program. In this edition the program is focused on the Central American territory, so it will deliver seven (7)  production grants of up to USD 3,400 to journalistic research projects with a focus on solutions in written, sound, audiovisual or web formats .

IRAN: Iran harasses, intimidates journalists ahead of parliamentary elections

CPJ: Elections are always problematic for journalists in Iran, as the government attempts to threaten the press into silence. The parliamentary elections on February 21 are no exception.

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IRAN: Media Freedom Group Condemns Harassment Of Iran Journalists

Radio Farda: In a statement on Friday, February 21, the international press freedom NGO, Reporters Without Borders (RSF), condemned the Islamic Revolution Guards Corps’ (IRGC) fearsome Intelligence Organization for summoning and threatening journalists in the clergy-dominated Iran.

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LEBANON: Lebanon journalists summoned for interrogation, arrested over ‘fake news’

Middle East Monitor: Lebanese activists and journalists, Gino Raidy, Dima Sadek and Charbel Al-Khoury were summoned by the Criminal Investigation Department on Saturday for interrogation by the security authorities for spreading “fake news” about a local party and “inciting sectarianism and racism”.

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PALESTINE: How Israeli and Palestinian authorities, and Facebook are increasingly suppressing media in Palestine

Via IFEX: Palestinian journalists and media faced a growing number of violations against them in 2019 according to an annual report from The Palestinian Center for Development and Media Freedoms (MADA).

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QATAR: Promoting pluralism vital to protecting right to freedom of expression

MENAFN:  The United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Michelle Bachelet, highlighted during her speech at the opening session of the International Conference on ‘Social Media: Challenges and Ways to Promote Freedoms and Protect Activists’ the significant changes and developments that took place in the fields of media, press, and social media due to the digital revolution, considering them an important issue for those who felt isolated in the past.

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QATAR: Qatar should ‘amend, change or withdraw’ laws that impede free speech: EU

Middle East Eye: Qatar has been told to scrap several laws that impede freedom of speech and expression after the gas-rich nation recently enacted a “vaguely worded” law that criminalises the publication of “false” news with up to five years in prison. 

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SYRIA: US embassy in Syria commemorates killed journalist as humanitarian disaster worsens

ABC (US): As the humanitarian crisis in the last rebel-held province in Syria deteriorates, the U.S. embassy in Syria has commemorated the journalist Marie Colvin, killed by government forces while reporting in the war-torn country, on the eighth anniversary of her death… Colvin is one of more than 120 journalists killed in Syria since 2011.

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TURKEY: The freedom of speech stands trial in Turkey

Deutsche Welle: The 2013 Gezi Park protests were marked by the Turkish people demanding greater freedoms. Seven years later, arbitrary imprisonment and violations of human rights remain as massive problems in Turkey.

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TURKEY: Turkish activists slam Google for funding pro-government media group

Middle East Eye: Google News Initiative to help fund Erdogan-aligned Demiroren Group journalism project with as much as $150,000. Turkish media activists criticised Google after it announced it was awarding one of the country’s largest pro-government media conglomerates with funding for a journalism project. 

CANADA: A world without public service media would be a darker place (Opinion) 

Financial Times: The galloping invasion of the digital giants is the true challenge to our democracies. Around the world, public media institutions are considered the most trusted sources of news in their respective countries. But something worrisome is afoot.

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CANADA: Canadian and German public broadcasters, CBC / Radio-Canada and ZDF, announce a new partnership at Berlinale 2020 (French)

CBC/Radio-Canada: As part of the 70th Berlin International Film Festival (Berlinale 2020), CBC / Radio-Canada and ZDF announced today the formation of a partnership aimed at formalizing and strengthening the collaboration between the two public broadcasters. 

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CANADA: NOMINATIONS OPEN FOR 2020 CCWPF PRESS FREEDOM AWARD (Callout)

Canadian Committee for World Press Freedom: This annual award goes to a journalist or media worker in Canadian print, digital or broadcasting who has made a significant contribution to freedom of expression, often by standing up to government or private interests that would thwart the reporting of events or stories of significant public interest, or by advancing press freedom through the subjects he or she reports on. Institutions that work towards the same objectives may also apply or be nominated.

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CANADA: Tory leadership candidate Erin O’Toole pledges to defund CBC if elected

Durham Radio News: Weeks into his campaign to become the next leader of the federal Conservative party, Durham MP Erin O’Toole is taking aim at Canada’s national public broadcaster. In a February 14 Twitter video, O’Toole announced his plan to cut funding for portions of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation if he becomes leader and then prime minister.

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CANADA & US: Giving migrants a voice — and others a history lesson (Blog)

Rabble: National Public Radio (NPR) in the United States is demonstrating the importance both of giving a voice to migrants in media, and of ensuring the independence of the public broadcasting platform.

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US: American journalism is dying. Its survival requires public funds (Opinion)

The Guardian: Maintaining public media infrastructure should be non-negotiable for a democratic society. We have to be bold.

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US: CPB, NPR Partner with Public Media Stations to Launch Gulf States Newsroom

NPR: Public media stations in Birmingham, Alabama (WBHM); Jackson, Mississippi (Mississippi Public Broadcasting); and New Orleans (WWNO) and Baton Rouge (WRKF), Louisiana, have joined together to launch the Gulf States newsroom.

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US: Democrats report much higher levels of trust in a number of news sources than Republicans

Pew Research Center: One of the clearest differences between Americans on opposing sides of the political aisle is that large portions of Democrats express trust in a far greater number of news sources.

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US: How to fight Trump’s ‘capital punishment’ for public media (Paywall – Opinion)

Current: Here we go again. The Trump administration’s latest budget proposal would shutter CPB. It’s Edvard Munch’s “The Scream” meets Groundhog Day. 

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US: U.S. Designates China’s Official Media as Operatives of the Communist State (Paywall)

The New York Times: The move is the latest in the Trump administration’s efforts to counter Beijing’s influence and intelligence operations in the United States.

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US: U.S. press leaders to China: Rethink expelling journalists

National Press Club: The National Press Club and the National Press Club Journalism Institute urged the Chinese government yesterday to reconsider a plan to expel three Wall Street Journal reporters from China.  

2020 awards shortlist: Recognising the journalism that lets all the world’s voices be heard

Index on Censorship: The shortlist for the journalism category in Index on Censorship’s 2020 Freedom of Expression Awards has been announced

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Climate Coverage that Engages Audiences Without Overwhelming Them

Nieman Reports: Using infrared photography, virtual reality, and other reporting techniques to make visible the unseen causes of the climate crisis

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Fact-checking on coronavirus far exceeds that of Zika

Poynter: A recent study published by Science Advances raises an interesting question: when it comes to health information, do “interventions aimed at combating false and unsupported information really work?”

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Legal threats to journalists: Call for contributions (Questionnaire)

Index on Censorship: Index on Censorship is carrying out a year-long research project that seeks to identify the scale and nature of a current phenomenon – vexatious legal threats and actions against journalists in Europe.

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Many Tech Experts Say Digital Disruption Will Hurt Democracy

Pew Research Center: About half predict that humans’ use of technology will weaken democracy between now and 2030 due to the speed and scope of reality distortion, the decline of journalism and the impact of surveillance capitalism. A third expect technology to strengthen democracy as reformers find ways to fight back against info-warriors and chaos. 

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Media play a crucial role in achieving gender equality (Statement)

Free Press Unlimited: The crucial role of the media in achieving gender equality has been recognised more than 25 years ago. It’s a strategic objective in the 1995 Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, the key global policy document on gender equality. Unfortunately, in the 25 years that Beijing Declaration has been in force, there has been little to no progress on this strategic objective.

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Michelle Ferrier, PhD: Tackling online violence and abuse against women journalists: what media houses can do (Blog)

Article 19: Despite growing evidence of online violence, as well as physical attacks, against women journalists, many media organizations do not have formal policies or protocols in place to protect their employees. 

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What Africa Check, Chequeado and Full Fact have learned about tackling bad information

Poynter Institute: Africa Check, Chequeado and Full Fact together started a research program to find the best available academic evidence, and equip fact-checkers around the world with the tools to understand how misinformation travels, and what tactics work best to stop it. Here are the findings. 

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Who needs deepfakes? Simple out-of-context photos can be a powerfully low-tech form of misinformation

Nieman Lab: A bogus headline seems both more true and more familiar to people when it’s accompanied by a photo of any kind.